Adana Governor Mahmut Demirtas said a bomb-laden vehicle was detonated near the entrance of his office.
"It is thought that a female suspect carried out the attack, Demirtas said, adding that the license plate of the suspect's car had been identified.
Emergency personnel are working at the site of the bombing, which also destroyed several vehicles nearby and damaged the building of the governor's office.
Turkish Deputy Prime Minister Numan Kurtulmus condemned the attack on his Twitter account, vowing that Turkey would "not surrender to terrorism."